人民监督员制度的作用及存在的问题/李浣
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人民监督员制度是高检院为加强对查办职务犯罪工作的监督、提高执法水平和办案质量,报经中央同意实行的一项重要改革。检察机关启动人民监督员监督程序的七种情形均为检察机关在办案实践中容易发生问题、群众意见较多、反应较大的环节。因此,引入外部监督机制,启动人民监督员监督程序,使检察机关办理职务犯罪案件的关键过程置于人民群众的监督之下,对于提高检察机关办案工作透明度,保证职务犯罪侦查权正确行使,具有巨大促进作用,
实行人民监督员制度是是在现行检察制度中增设的一项监督程序,形成了保障人民群众直接参与检察工作的法律制度,创立填补了检察制度中的空白,进一步健全对检察权的监督制约机制,有了人民监督员的参与,能够有效促进检察机关公正执法办案。同时,人民监督员制度也是在检察机关实施法律监督,查办职务犯罪过程中,增设的倾听人民群众意见,接受人民群众监督的程序,对于维护公平正义、促进廉政建设。石家庄市检察院人民监督员工作的开展,有力地促进了职务犯罪案件查办工作的制度化、公开化和规范化,进一步提高了检察机关清正廉明的社会形象,增强了人民群众对检察工作的理解和信任支持,为顺利开展检察工作奠定了群众基础。
一、我市人民监督员制度运行情况:试点人民监督员选任委员会选任人民监督员
2010年10月,最高人民检察院第十一届检察委员会第四十五次会议通过了在全国《全面推行人民监督员制度的规定》,规定中对人民监督员选任、管理方式进行了进一步改进和完善,要求每个省确定一至两个设区市开展“人民监督员选任委员会”来选任、管理人民监督员试点工作,河北省人民检察院确立我市为人民监督员选任委员会工作试点市,这是省院充分考虑了我市所处的区位优势和工作优势。作为省会检察院,我市人民监督员工作开展的扎实、有效,连续多年在全省工作考核中名列前茅,受到了高检院、省院的充分肯定。我市人民监督员选任委员会的成立,使得人民监督员的产生由过去的检察院自行任命转变为由十一个成员单位推荐组成的独立的人民监督员选任委员会选任产生,为我市人民监督员工作的顺利开展打下了扎实的基础。
要破解人民监督员工作面临的难题,需要切实解决思想认识问题,坚持学习、调研先行的理念,通过学习调研,增强责任意识、使命意识。我们严格落实高检院《全面推行人民监督员制度的规定》,使工作规范化、法制化、科学化,努力开创检察机关人民监督员工作新局面。2012年11月15日,市人民监督员选任委员会委员向60名人民监督员颁发证书,由此我市按新规定选任的60名人民监督员正式开始监督检察权的实施。
我市人民监督员工作有以下几个做法:一是充分认识实行人民监督员制度的重要意义,加强组织领导,加大保障力度,积极推进人民监督员制度实施工作。二是人民监督员选任委员会办事机构认真履行职责,继续做好人民监督员选任增补、组织、管理、培训等工作,严格按照案件监督范围、监督组织方式和监督程序组织人民监督员开展监督工作,不断提高监督的公信力和有效性。三是继续做好人民监督员制度的各项调研和研讨工作,不断推进人民监督员制度的规范化、法制化、科学化进程,努力开创全市检察机关人民监督员工作新局面。全市检察机关为推行人民监督员制度营造良好的环境和条件,积极配合做好监督评议工作,对符合条件的案件无一例外进入监督程序,不得以任何理由和借口进行规避。认真组织开展监督评议活动,确保监督案件的质量和效果,与人民监督员进行多渠道、多层次、多形式的交流沟通,及时快捷地听取人民监督员的意见建议,充分发挥人民监督员制度在促进检察工作科学发展的重要作用。
二、我市人民监督员选任委员会选任人民监督员的特点
(一)打破“自己请人监督自己”的瓶颈。
从本质上讲,人民监督员的监督是一种社会监督,属于一种“体外”监督,人民监督员的选任及其监督权的取得,不应该来自于被监督者,因而人民监督员的选任不能存在 “检察机关自己请人监督自己”之嫌。石家庄市人民监督员的选任由人民监督员选任委员会负责,充分体现检察机关接受外部监督的决心,强化了检察机关执法公信力,为检察机关正确行使检察权提供了坚实保障。试点工作中,由于除检察机关外,其他十个成员单位都是党政机关、人大、政协等各部门,选任委员会主任由市人大的人员担任,被选任出的人民监督员,其自身的中立性会相应提高,更容易得到社会公众的认同。
(二)有利于增加人民监督员代表的广泛性。
人民监督员选任委员会由十一个成员单位组成,人民监督员选任不是单独由检察院确定,而由十一个成员单位选任,所代表的人民群众的广泛性明显高于检察机关自己选任。人民监督员的主要职责是倾听人民群众对案件处理的社会价值判断和公共道德判断,让更多的民意通过监督意见这个渠道参与到司法中来。人民监督员既是监督员,又是检察机关的义务宣传员,能广泛了解民情、反映民意,代表人民群众的正义感和法律情感需要,说老百姓要说的话,做老百姓要做的事。
(三)有利于提高人民监督员的监督实效。
选任委员会在人民监督员选任前向社会公告,借助新闻媒体广泛宣传,并采取单位推荐的报名方式,程序公开透明,能避免暗箱操作,保障了选任工作的程序公正。人民监督员的最后确认由选任委员会最终决定,所选任的人民监督员身份的独立性,更有利于人民监督员在监督过程中少受情感因素的影响,客观发表监督意见,能在实体上保证人民监督员的监督实效。
(四)制订了相关运行机制
在试点工作中,基础机制的建立及全程的规范运作,为全省检察机关全面铺开采用人民监督员选任委员会选任方式打下了基础。选任委员会建立成员单位制,人民监督员拟选人员规定为单位推荐,取消个人自荐,多了一层单位审核的保障,保证了推荐、选任环节的准确有效。
三、我市在人民监督员制度运行中反映的问题与思考
总的来看,我市的人民监督员工作进展顺利,成效明显,但也出现了一些值得注意的问题,有必要加以完善:
第一,应改变人民监督员的选任办法。人民监督员制度是检察机关接受外部监督的良好举措,这已成为人大代表、政协委员专家、学者及社会各界的共识,人民监督员选任委员会选任人民监督员目前在全国尚在试点阶段,从机制上看还需要进一步完善。检察机关应加快推进立法进程,使人民监督员的监督权力在国家法律层面予以确认,人民监督员的选任应参照法院人民陪审员的选任方式,逐步推进到人大任命。可以借鉴人民陪审员的选任办法,条件成熟时,对现行的人民监督员的办法可略作改变。符合担任人民监督员条件的公民,可以由其所在单位或者户籍所在地的基层组织向人民监督员选任委员会提出申请,由人民监督员选任委员会进行审查,提请同级人民代表大会常务委员会确任。人民监督员的名单确定后向社会公布。
第二,应完善人民监督员监督程序。《最高人民检察院关于实行人民监督员制度的规定(试行)》(以下简称《规定》第24条规定,“人民监督员可以向案件承办人提出问题,必要时可以旁听案件承办人讯问犯罪嫌疑人、询问证人、听取有关人员陈述、听取本案律师的意见”。根据现行规定,人民监督员只能旁听承办人讯问犯罪嫌疑人、询问证人,不能直接听取犯罪嫌疑人、证人的意见。对于听取律师的意见,由于《规定》并无相应的制度保障,一些地方的司法实践中,人民监督员监督一般也不听取律师的意见。故程序上还应进一步完善和细化,建议检察机关的纪检监察部门参与人民监督员的随机抽取、案件评查、执法监督等工作。
第三,形成定期向人民监督员通报相关情况等制度。《规定》第三章规定了人民监督员的职责,除案件监督外,只规定了参加执法检查活动这一种了解不当情形的方式。此外,应每年定期由检察机关向人民监督员通报检察工作情况及查办职务犯罪案件情况,人民监督员参加控告申诉工作汇报,参加执法检查、案件评查、职务犯罪羁押必要性审查、列席检委会讨论职务犯罪案件最终处理意见,旁听职务犯罪庭审等,以便人民监督员能够及时掌握该院自侦案件的工作情况。应进一步制定人民监督员监督的具体操作机制及完善相关人民监督员行为准则,使人民监督员从“要我监督”转变为“我要监督”,以利于人民监督员监督职责的履行。
第四,规范向人大报告人民监督员监督相关情况的制度。在条件成熟时,应规定检察机关定期向人大报告接受人民监督员监督的具体情况,包括案件类别、监督内容、监督方式,人民监督员的表决意见及采纳情况等内容,拓展人大了解检察工作的渠道和途径,以便人民监督员工作获得人大的支持,更好地接受人大的监督。
第五,监督的法律依据有待完善。现在关于人民监督员制度的依据只有宪法和有关法律规定的原则及高检的《规定》,我国刑事诉讼法、人民检察院组织法及其他法律均无相关明确具体的条款规定。因此,人民监督员制度尽管符合宪法和法律精神,但其法律依据还应予完善。人民监督员制度在现行基本法中未有规定,仅仅依据高检院的有关规定来操作,法律依据尚不够充分,人民监督员制度是一项改革探索,应当积极、及时地进行有关立法研究,抓住《人民检察院组织法》再修订的时机,在充分研究和论证的基础上,提出切实可行并能保证取得实效的立法方案,使人民监督员制度在未来的有关立法中得到规范和发展。
作者单位:石家庄市新华区人民检察院
实行人民监督员制度是是在现行检察制度中增设的一项监督程序,形成了保障人民群众直接参与检察工作的法律制度,创立填补了检察制度中的空白,进一步健全对检察权的监督制约机制,有了人民监督员的参与,能够有效促进检察机关公正执法办案。同时,人民监督员制度也是在检察机关实施法律监督,查办职务犯罪过程中,增设的倾听人民群众意见,接受人民群众监督的程序,对于维护公平正义、促进廉政建设。石家庄市检察院人民监督员工作的开展,有力地促进了职务犯罪案件查办工作的制度化、公开化和规范化,进一步提高了检察机关清正廉明的社会形象,增强了人民群众对检察工作的理解和信任支持,为顺利开展检察工作奠定了群众基础。
一、我市人民监督员制度运行情况:试点人民监督员选任委员会选任人民监督员
2010年10月,最高人民检察院第十一届检察委员会第四十五次会议通过了在全国《全面推行人民监督员制度的规定》,规定中对人民监督员选任、管理方式进行了进一步改进和完善,要求每个省确定一至两个设区市开展“人民监督员选任委员会”来选任、管理人民监督员试点工作,河北省人民检察院确立我市为人民监督员选任委员会工作试点市,这是省院充分考虑了我市所处的区位优势和工作优势。作为省会检察院,我市人民监督员工作开展的扎实、有效,连续多年在全省工作考核中名列前茅,受到了高检院、省院的充分肯定。我市人民监督员选任委员会的成立,使得人民监督员的产生由过去的检察院自行任命转变为由十一个成员单位推荐组成的独立的人民监督员选任委员会选任产生,为我市人民监督员工作的顺利开展打下了扎实的基础。
要破解人民监督员工作面临的难题,需要切实解决思想认识问题,坚持学习、调研先行的理念,通过学习调研,增强责任意识、使命意识。我们严格落实高检院《全面推行人民监督员制度的规定》,使工作规范化、法制化、科学化,努力开创检察机关人民监督员工作新局面。2012年11月15日,市人民监督员选任委员会委员向60名人民监督员颁发证书,由此我市按新规定选任的60名人民监督员正式开始监督检察权的实施。
我市人民监督员工作有以下几个做法:一是充分认识实行人民监督员制度的重要意义,加强组织领导,加大保障力度,积极推进人民监督员制度实施工作。二是人民监督员选任委员会办事机构认真履行职责,继续做好人民监督员选任增补、组织、管理、培训等工作,严格按照案件监督范围、监督组织方式和监督程序组织人民监督员开展监督工作,不断提高监督的公信力和有效性。三是继续做好人民监督员制度的各项调研和研讨工作,不断推进人民监督员制度的规范化、法制化、科学化进程,努力开创全市检察机关人民监督员工作新局面。全市检察机关为推行人民监督员制度营造良好的环境和条件,积极配合做好监督评议工作,对符合条件的案件无一例外进入监督程序,不得以任何理由和借口进行规避。认真组织开展监督评议活动,确保监督案件的质量和效果,与人民监督员进行多渠道、多层次、多形式的交流沟通,及时快捷地听取人民监督员的意见建议,充分发挥人民监督员制度在促进检察工作科学发展的重要作用。
二、我市人民监督员选任委员会选任人民监督员的特点
(一)打破“自己请人监督自己”的瓶颈。
从本质上讲,人民监督员的监督是一种社会监督,属于一种“体外”监督,人民监督员的选任及其监督权的取得,不应该来自于被监督者,因而人民监督员的选任不能存在 “检察机关自己请人监督自己”之嫌。石家庄市人民监督员的选任由人民监督员选任委员会负责,充分体现检察机关接受外部监督的决心,强化了检察机关执法公信力,为检察机关正确行使检察权提供了坚实保障。试点工作中,由于除检察机关外,其他十个成员单位都是党政机关、人大、政协等各部门,选任委员会主任由市人大的人员担任,被选任出的人民监督员,其自身的中立性会相应提高,更容易得到社会公众的认同。
(二)有利于增加人民监督员代表的广泛性。
人民监督员选任委员会由十一个成员单位组成,人民监督员选任不是单独由检察院确定,而由十一个成员单位选任,所代表的人民群众的广泛性明显高于检察机关自己选任。人民监督员的主要职责是倾听人民群众对案件处理的社会价值判断和公共道德判断,让更多的民意通过监督意见这个渠道参与到司法中来。人民监督员既是监督员,又是检察机关的义务宣传员,能广泛了解民情、反映民意,代表人民群众的正义感和法律情感需要,说老百姓要说的话,做老百姓要做的事。
(三)有利于提高人民监督员的监督实效。
选任委员会在人民监督员选任前向社会公告,借助新闻媒体广泛宣传,并采取单位推荐的报名方式,程序公开透明,能避免暗箱操作,保障了选任工作的程序公正。人民监督员的最后确认由选任委员会最终决定,所选任的人民监督员身份的独立性,更有利于人民监督员在监督过程中少受情感因素的影响,客观发表监督意见,能在实体上保证人民监督员的监督实效。
(四)制订了相关运行机制
在试点工作中,基础机制的建立及全程的规范运作,为全省检察机关全面铺开采用人民监督员选任委员会选任方式打下了基础。选任委员会建立成员单位制,人民监督员拟选人员规定为单位推荐,取消个人自荐,多了一层单位审核的保障,保证了推荐、选任环节的准确有效。
三、我市在人民监督员制度运行中反映的问题与思考
总的来看,我市的人民监督员工作进展顺利,成效明显,但也出现了一些值得注意的问题,有必要加以完善:
第一,应改变人民监督员的选任办法。人民监督员制度是检察机关接受外部监督的良好举措,这已成为人大代表、政协委员专家、学者及社会各界的共识,人民监督员选任委员会选任人民监督员目前在全国尚在试点阶段,从机制上看还需要进一步完善。检察机关应加快推进立法进程,使人民监督员的监督权力在国家法律层面予以确认,人民监督员的选任应参照法院人民陪审员的选任方式,逐步推进到人大任命。可以借鉴人民陪审员的选任办法,条件成熟时,对现行的人民监督员的办法可略作改变。符合担任人民监督员条件的公民,可以由其所在单位或者户籍所在地的基层组织向人民监督员选任委员会提出申请,由人民监督员选任委员会进行审查,提请同级人民代表大会常务委员会确任。人民监督员的名单确定后向社会公布。
第二,应完善人民监督员监督程序。《最高人民检察院关于实行人民监督员制度的规定(试行)》(以下简称《规定》第24条规定,“人民监督员可以向案件承办人提出问题,必要时可以旁听案件承办人讯问犯罪嫌疑人、询问证人、听取有关人员陈述、听取本案律师的意见”。根据现行规定,人民监督员只能旁听承办人讯问犯罪嫌疑人、询问证人,不能直接听取犯罪嫌疑人、证人的意见。对于听取律师的意见,由于《规定》并无相应的制度保障,一些地方的司法实践中,人民监督员监督一般也不听取律师的意见。故程序上还应进一步完善和细化,建议检察机关的纪检监察部门参与人民监督员的随机抽取、案件评查、执法监督等工作。
第三,形成定期向人民监督员通报相关情况等制度。《规定》第三章规定了人民监督员的职责,除案件监督外,只规定了参加执法检查活动这一种了解不当情形的方式。此外,应每年定期由检察机关向人民监督员通报检察工作情况及查办职务犯罪案件情况,人民监督员参加控告申诉工作汇报,参加执法检查、案件评查、职务犯罪羁押必要性审查、列席检委会讨论职务犯罪案件最终处理意见,旁听职务犯罪庭审等,以便人民监督员能够及时掌握该院自侦案件的工作情况。应进一步制定人民监督员监督的具体操作机制及完善相关人民监督员行为准则,使人民监督员从“要我监督”转变为“我要监督”,以利于人民监督员监督职责的履行。
第四,规范向人大报告人民监督员监督相关情况的制度。在条件成熟时,应规定检察机关定期向人大报告接受人民监督员监督的具体情况,包括案件类别、监督内容、监督方式,人民监督员的表决意见及采纳情况等内容,拓展人大了解检察工作的渠道和途径,以便人民监督员工作获得人大的支持,更好地接受人大的监督。
第五,监督的法律依据有待完善。现在关于人民监督员制度的依据只有宪法和有关法律规定的原则及高检的《规定》,我国刑事诉讼法、人民检察院组织法及其他法律均无相关明确具体的条款规定。因此,人民监督员制度尽管符合宪法和法律精神,但其法律依据还应予完善。人民监督员制度在现行基本法中未有规定,仅仅依据高检院的有关规定来操作,法律依据尚不够充分,人民监督员制度是一项改革探索,应当积极、及时地进行有关立法研究,抓住《人民检察院组织法》再修订的时机,在充分研究和论证的基础上,提出切实可行并能保证取得实效的立法方案,使人民监督员制度在未来的有关立法中得到规范和发展。
作者单位:石家庄市新华区人民检察院
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法院信息化建设科学发展的重要性
于泽昕
近年来，北安市人民法院大力推进信息化建设的科学发展，将信息技术与法院工作紧密结合，把现代化的技术运用到了法院工作的各个环节，以信息化建设为载体，以审判质量为重点，改进法院的工作方式，加强了管理，进一步提高了我院的工作效率与司法能力，为我院的审判工作和社会和谐稳定提供了有力的司法保障。
加强法院信息化建设科学发展必须做好以下几方面的工作：
一、加强信息化建设科学发展是建设公正高效权威的司法制度的重要保障
加强人民法院信息化建设科学发展是建设现代化法院的重要内容，要作为审判工作的重要组成部分不断开拓进取，为审判工作和人民法院各项建设提供有力的技术支持和保证。
加强人民法院信息化建设科学发展，可以完善法院的内部管理、为法院“公正与效率”工作主题提供重要的技术支持，有利于深化人民法院审判方式改革，完善诉讼程序制度、改革审判管理制度，有利于进一步规范诉讼行为，节约诉讼资源，促进资源共享，提高法院信息传递速度，方便群众诉讼，进而有效提高工作效率和工作质量、提升司法权威和司法形象，促进司法公正。
二、加强信息化建设科学发展是促进审判工作，践行司法为民的必然措施
加强信息化建设科学发展是人民法院增强司法能力，提高司法水平，促进审判工作的重要途径，是践行司法为民的重要措施。人民法院在坚持司法为民的前提下，要不断增强审判工作和法院管理的科技含量，加快审判信息化步伐，规范审判流程、调配审判资源、加快信息传递、提高工作效率、提高工作质量，促进司法公正。
人民法院的信息化建设应该以科学发展为核心，以审判业务信息为中心，同时强化法院管理、案件执行、审判监督的信息应用，完善以审判质量、效率评估的体系建设，加强计算机网络系统建设、通信系统建设、音视频系统建设，法院管理系统建设，积极落实各项便民措施。一是通过网上立案、电子签章、大屏幕公告显示、网上信息查询、远程诉讼，在线服务等方面的应用，提高审判工作效率，降低人民法院司法成本，方便群众诉讼，减少当事人诉累，使群众能充分感受到诉讼的轻便快捷。二是通过对人民法院审判信息及其他各项工作信息的及时采集处理、分析评估，实现案件类信息管理、司法统计类信息管理、法官信息管理、案例信息管理的规范化、电子化和网络化。三是对案件从受理、分案到审理、归档等全过程实现信息化，为审判监督、案件质量评查、绩效考核等提供实时、动态的信息支持。四是通过门户网站，实现法制宣传、信息查询、案例查询等。
三、加强信息化建设科学发展是维护公平正义、强化审判监督的有力抓手
加强人民法院信息化建设的科学发展有利于人民法院广泛接受社会监督、提高司法透明度，同时个案在信息化系统内的公开，也有利于办案人员规范司法行为，接受审判监督。要以信息化建设为载体，以审判质量、效率评估体系建设为重点，完善审判监督管理。
在信息化建设科学发展过程中，要加强领导，层层发动，人人参与，努力提高法院工作人员的计算机网络水平，促进法院办公自动化。加强培训，将信息化工作培训与法院文化建设紧密结合，提升法院工作人员运用各类信息系统的能力，强化法院工作人员维护公平正义的意识与能力。通过在立案大厅设立电子显示屏、电子触摸屏以及建立完善门户网站，公开本院相关规章制度和案件开庭安排，公开诉讼风险告知、庭审纪律、诉讼收费等信息，促进司法公开。加强信息化，实现案件立案、审判、执行诉讼环节的网络信息化管理，实现网上签发法律文书、司法统计自动生成、审限自动跟踪管理等功能，完善内部监督制约机制，使领导及相关部门在权限范围内及时掌握、监督案件的具体情况，有力地强化了审判工作的监督管理，提高审判质量，确保司法公正。
国务院
中华人民共和国个人所得税法实施条例(附英文)
1994年1月28日，国务院
第一条 根据《中华人民共和国个人所得税法》(以下简称税法)的规定，制定本条例。
第二条 税法第一条第一款所说的在中国境内有住所的个人，是指因户籍、家庭、经济利益关系而在中国境内习惯性居住的个人。
第三条 税法第一条第一款所说的在境内居住满一年，是指在一个纳税年度中在中国境内居住365日。临时离境的，不扣减日数。
前款所说的临时离境，是指在一个纳税年度中一次不超过30日或者多次累计不超过90日的离境。
第四条 税法第一条第一款、第二款所说的从中国境内取得的所得，是指来源于中国境内的所得；所说的从中国境外取得的所得，是指来源于中国境外的所得。
第五条 下列所得，不论支付地点是否在中国境内，均为来源于中国境内的所得：
(一)因任职、受雇、履约等而在中国境内提供劳务取得的所得；
(二)将财产出租给承租人在中国境内使用而取得的所得；
(三)转让中国境内的建筑物、土地使用权等财产或者在中国境内转让其他财产取得的所得；
(四)许可各种特许权在中国境内使用而取得的所得；
(五)从中国境内的公司、企业以及其他经济组织或者个人取得的利息、股息、红利所得。
第六条 在中国境内无住所，但是居住一年以上五年以下的个人，其来源于中国境外的所得，经主管税务机关批准，可以只就由中国境内公司、企业以及其他经济组织或者个人支付的部分缴纳个人所得税；居住超过五年的个人，从第六年起，应当就其来源于中国境外的全部所得缴纳个人所得税。
第七条 在中国境内无住所，但是在一个纳税年度中在中国境内连续或者累计居住不超过90日的个人，其来源于中国境内的所得，由境外雇主支付并且不由该雇主在中国境内的机构、场所负担的部分，免予缴纳个人所得税。
第八条 税法第二条所说的各项个人所得的范围：
(一)工资、薪金所得，是指个人因任职或者受雇而取得的工资、薪金、奖金、年终加薪、劳动分红、津贴、补贴以及与任职或者受雇有关的其他所得。
(二)个体工商户的生产、经营所得，是指：
1.个体工商户从事工业、手工业、建筑业、交通运输业、商业、饮食业、服务业、修理业以及其他行业生产、经营取得的所得；
2.个人经政府有关部门批准，取得执照，从事办学、医疗、咨询以及其他有偿服务活动取得的所得；
3.其他个人从事个体工商业生产、经营取得的所得；
4.上述个体工商户和个人取得的与生产、经营有关的各项应纳税所得。
(三)对企事业单位的承包经营、承租经营所得，是指个人承包经营、承租经营以及转包、转租取得的所得，包括个人按月或者按次取得的工资、薪金性质的所得。
(四)劳务报酬所得，是指个人从事设计、装璜、安装、制图、化验、测试、医疗、法律、会计、咨询、讲学、新闻、广播、翻译、审稿、书画、雕刻、影视、录音、录像、演出、表演、广告、展览、技术服务、介绍服务、经纪服务、代办服务以及其他劳务取得的所得。
(五)稿酬所得，是指个人因其作品以图书、报刊形式出版、发表而取得的所得。
(六)特许权使用费所得，是指个人提供专利权、商标权、著作权、非专利技术以及其他特许权的使用权取得的所得；提供著作权的使用权取得的所得，不包括稿酬所得。
(七)利息、股息、红利所得，是指个人拥有债权、股权而取得的利息、股息、红利所得。
(八)财产租赁所得，是指个人出租建筑物、土地使用权、机器设备、车船以及其他财产取得的所得。
(九)财产转让所得，是指个人转让有价证券、股权、建筑物、土地使用权、机器设备、车船以及其他财产取得的所得。
(十)偶然所得，是指个人得奖、中奖、中彩以及其他偶然性质的所得。
个人取得的所得，难以界定应纳税所得项目的，由主管税务机关确定。
第九条 对股票转让所得征收个人所得税的办法，由财政部另行制定，报国务院批准施行。
第十条 个人取得的应纳税所得，包括现金、实物和有价证券。所得为实物的，应当按照取得的凭证上所注明的价格计算应纳税所得额；无凭证的实物或者凭证上所注明的价格明显偏低的，由主管税务机关参照当地的市场价格核定应纳税所得额。所得为有价证券的，由主管税务机关根据票面价格和市场价格核定应纳税所得额。
第十一条 税法第三条第四项所说的劳务报酬所得一次收入畸高，是指个人一次取得劳务报酬，其应纳税所得额超过20000元。
对前款应纳税所得额超过20000元至50000元的部分，依照税法规定计算应纳税额后再按照应纳税额加征五成；超过50000元的部分，加征十成。
第十二条 税法第四条第二项所说的国债利息，是指个人持有中华人民共和国财政部发行的债券而取得的利息所得；所说的国家发行的金融债券利息，是指个人持有经国务院批准发行的金融债券而取得的利息所得。
第十三条 税法第四条第三项所说的按照国家统一规定发给的补贴、津贴，是指按照国务院规定发给的政府特殊津贴和国务院规定免纳个人所得税的补贴、津贴。
第十四条 税法第四条第四项所说的福利费，是指根据国家有关规定，从企业、事业单位、国家机关、社会团体提留的福利费或者工会经费中支付给个人的生活补助费；所说的救济金，是指国家民政部门支付给个人的生活困难补助费。
第十五条 税法第四条第八项所说的依照我国法律规定应予免税的各国驻华使馆、领事馆的外交代表、领事官员和其他人员的所得，是指依照《中华人民共和国外交特权与豁免条例》和《中华人民共和国领事特权与豁免条例》规定免税的所得。
第十六条 税法第五条所说的减征个人所得税，其减征的幅度和期限由省、自治区、直辖市人民政府规定。
第十七条 税法第六条第一款第二项所说的成本、费用，是指纳税义务人从事生产、经营所发生的各项直接支出和分配计入成本的间接费用以及销售费用、管理费用、财务费用；所说的损失，是指纳税义务人在生产、经营过程中发生的各项营业外支出。
从事生产、经营的纳税义务人未提供完整、准确的纳税资料，不能正确计算应纳税所得额的，由主管税务机关核定其应纳税所得额。
第十八条 税法第六条第一款第三项所说的每一纳税年度的收入总额，是指纳税义务人按照承包经营、承租经营合同规定分得的经营利润和工资、薪金性质的所得；所说的减除必要费用，是指按月减除800元。
第十九条 税法第六条第一款第五项所说的财产原值，是指：
(一)有价证券，为买入价以及买入时按照规定交纳的有关费用；
(二)建筑物，为建造费或者购进价格以及其他有关费用；
(三)土地使用权，为取得土地使用权所支付的金额、开发土地的费用以及其他有关费用；
(四)机器设备、车船，为购进价格、运输费、安装费以及其他有关费用；
(五)其他财产，参照以上方法确定。
纳税义务人未提供完整、准确的财产原值凭证，不能正确计算财产原值的，由主管税务机关核定其财产原值。
第二十条 税法第六条第一款第五项所说的合理费用，是指卖出财产时按照规定支付的有关费用。
第二十一条 税法第六条第一款第四项、第六项所说的每次收入，是指：
(一)劳务报酬所得，属于一次性收入的，以取得该项收入为一次；属于同一项目连续性收入的，以一个月内取得的收入为一次。
(二)稿酬所得，以每次出版、发表取得的收入为一次。
(三)特许权使用费所得，以一项特许权的一次许可使用所取得的收入为一次。
(四)财产租赁所得，以一个月内取得的收入为一次。
(五)利息、股息、红利所得，以支付利息、股息、红利时取得的收入为一次。
(六)偶然所得，以每次取得该项收入为一次。
第二十二条 财产转让所得，按照一次转让财产的收入额减除财产原值和合理费用后的余额，计算纳税。
第二十三条 二个或者二个以上的个人共同取得同一项目收入的，应当对每个人取得的收入分别按照税法规定减除费用后计算纳税。
第二十四条 税法第六条第二款所说的个人将其所得对教育事业和其他公益事业的捐赠，是指个人将其所得通过中国境内的社会团体、国家机关向教育和其他社会公益事业以及遭受严重自然灾害地区、贫困地区的捐赠。
捐赠额未超过纳税义务人申报的应纳税所得额30%的部分，可以从其应纳税所得额中扣除。
第二十五条 税法第六条第三款所说的在中国境外取得工资、薪金所得，是指在中国境外任职或者受雇而取得的工资、薪金所得。
第二十六条 税法第六条第三款所说的附加减除费用，是指每月在减除800元费用的基础上，再减除本条例第二十八条规定数额的费用。
第二十七条 税法第六条第三款所说的附加减除费用适用的范围，是指：
(一)在中国境内的外商投资企业和外国企业中工作的外籍人员；
(二)应聘在中国境内的企业、事业单位、社会团体、国家机关中工作的外籍专家；
(三)在中国境内有住所而在中国境外任职或者受雇取得工资、薪金所得的个人；
(四)财政部确定的其他人员。
第二十八条 税法第六条第三款所说的附加减除费用标准为3200元。
第二十九条 华侨和香港、澳门、台湾同胞，参照本条例第二十六条、第二十七条、第二十八条的规定执行。
第三十条 在中国境内有住所，或者无住所而在境内居住满一年的个人，从中国境内和境外取得的所得，应当分别计算应纳税额。
第三十一条 税法第七条所说的已在境外缴纳的个人所得税税额，是指纳税义务人从中国境外取得的所得，依照该所得来源国家或者地区的法律应当缴纳并且实际已经缴纳的税额。
第三十二条 税法第七条所说的依照税法规定计算的应纳税额，是指纳税义务人从中国境外取得的所得，区别不同国家或者地区和不同应税项目，依照税法规定的费用减除标准和适用税率计算的应纳税额；同一国家或者地区内不同应税项目的应纳税额之和，为该国家或者地区的扣除限额。
纳税义务人在中国境外一个国家或者地区实际已经缴纳的个人所得税税额，低于依照前款规定计算出的该国家或者地区扣除限额的，应当在中国缴纳差额部分的税款；超过该国家或者地区扣除限额的，其超过部分不得在本纳税年度的应纳税额中扣除，但是可以在以后纳税年度的该国家或者地区扣除限额的余额中补扣。补扣期限最长不得超过五年。
第三十三条 纳税义务人依照税法第七条的规定申请扣除已在境外缴纳的个人所得税税额时，应当提供境外税务机关填发的完税凭证原件。
第三十四条 扣缴义务人在向个人支付应税款项时，应当依照税法规定代扣税款，按时缴库，并专项记载备查。
前款所说的支付，包括现金支付、汇拨支付、转帐支付和以有价证券、实物以及其他形式的支付。
第三十五条 自行申报的纳税义务人，应当向取得所得的当地主管税务机关申报纳税。从中国境外取得所得，以及在中国境内二处或者二处以上取得所得的，可以由纳税义务人选择一地申报纳税；纳税义务人变更申报纳税地点的，应当经原主管税务机关批准。
第三十六条 自行申报的纳税义务人，在申报纳税时，其在中国境内已扣缴的税款，准予按照规定从应纳税额中扣除。
第三十七条 纳税义务人兼有税法第二条所列的二项或者二项以上的所得的，按项分别计算纳税。在中国境内二处或者二处以上取得税法第二条第一项、第二项、第三项所得的，同项所得合并计算纳税。
第三十八条 税法第九条第二款所说的特定行业，是指采掘业、远洋运输业、远洋捕捞业以及财政部确定的其他行业。
第三十九条 税法第九条第二款所说的按年计算、分月预缴的计征方式，是指本条例第三十八条所列的特定行业职工的工资、薪金所得应纳的税款，按月预缴，自年度终了之日起30日内，合计其全年工资、薪金所得，再按12个月平均并计算实际应纳的税款，多退少补。
第四十条 税法第九条第四款所说的由纳税义务人在年度终了后30日内将应纳的税款缴入国库，是指在年终一次性取得承包经营、承租经营所得的纳税义务人，自取得收入之日起30日内将应纳的税款缴入国库。
第四十一条 依照税法第十条的规定，所得为外国货币的，应当按照填开完税凭证的上一月最后一日中国人民银行公布的外汇牌价，折合成人民币计算应纳税所得额。依照税法规定，在年度终了后汇算清缴的，对已经按月或者按次预缴税款的外国货币所得，不再重新折算；对应当补缴税款的所得部分，按照上一纳税年度最后一日中国人民银行公布的外汇牌价，折合成人民币计算应纳税所得额。
第四十二条 税务机关按照税法第十一条的规定付给扣缴义务人手续费时，应当按月填开收入退还书发给扣缴义务人。扣缴义务人持收入退还书向指定的银行办理退库手续。
第四十三条 个人所得税纳税申报表、扣缴个人所得税报告表和个人所得税完税凭证式样，由国家税务总局统一制定。
第四十四条 税法和本条例所说的纳税年度，自公历1月1日起至12月31日止。
第四十五条 1994纳税年度起，个人所得税依照税法以及本条例的规定计算征收。
第四十六条 本条例由财政部会同国家税务总局解释。
第四十七条 本条例自发布之日起施行。1987年8月8日国务院发布的《中华人民共和国国务院关于对来华工作的外籍人员工资、薪金所得减征个人所得税的暂行规定》同时废止。
REGULATIONS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INDIVIDUAL INCOME TAXLAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
(State Council: 28 January 1994)
Whole Doc.
Article 1
These Regulations are formulated in accordance with the Individual
Income Tax law of the People's Republic of China (the "Tax Law").
Article 2
For the Purposes of the first paragraph of Article 1 of the Tax Law,
the term "individuals who have domicile in China" shall mean individuals
who by reason of their permanent registered address, family or economic
interests, habitually reside in the People's Republic of China.
Article 3
For the purposes of the first paragraph of Article 1 of the Tax Law,
the term "have resided for one year or move in China" shall mean to have
resided within the People's Republic of China for 365 days in a Tax Year.
No deductions shall be made from that number of days for Temporary Trips
out of the People's Republic of China.
For the purposes of preceding paragraph, the term "Temporary Trips
out of the People's Republic of China" shall mean absence from the
People's Republic of China for not more than 30 days during a single trip,
or not more than a cumulative total of 90 days over a number of trips,
within the same Tax Year.
Article 4
For the purposes of the first and second paragraphs of Article 1 of
the Tax Law, the term "income derived from sources within China" shall
mean income the source of which is inside the People's Republic of China,
and the term "from sources outside China" shall mean income the source of
which is outside the People's Republic of China.
Article 5
The following income, whether the place of payment is inside the
People's Republic of China or not, shall be income derived from sources
inside the People's Republic of China.
(1) income from personal services provided inside the People's
Republic of China because of the tenure of an office, employment, the
performance of a contract, etc.;
(2) income from the lease of property to a lessee for use inside the
People's Republic of China;
(3) income from the assignment of property such as buildings, land
use rights, etc. inside the People's Republic of China or the assignment
inside the People's Republic of China of any other property;
(4) Income from the licensing for use inside the People's Republic of
China of any kind of licensing rights;
(5) income from interest, dividends and extra dividends derived from
companies, enterprises and other economic organizations or individuals
inside the People's Republic of China.
Article 6
For income derived from sources outside the People's Republic of
China of individuals not domiciled in the People's Republic of China, but
resident for more than one year and less than five years, subject to the
approval of the tax authorities-in-charge, individual income tax may be
paid on only that part which was paid by companies, enterprises or other
economic organizations or individuals which are inside the People's
Republic of China. Individuals who reside for more than five years shall,
commencing from the sixth year, pay individual income tax on the whole
amount of income derived from sources outside the People's Republic of
China.
Article 7
For individuals who are not domiciled in the People's Republic of
China, but who reside inside the People's Republic of China consecutively
or accumulatively for not more than 90 days in any one Tax Year, their
income derived from sources inside the People's Republic of China which is
paid by an employer outside the People's Republic of China, and which is
not borne by the employer's establishment or business place within the
People's Republic of China, shall be exempt from individual income tax.
Article 8
The scope of the categories of income mentioned in Article 2 of the
Tax Law shall be as set forth below;
(1) The term "income from wages and salaries" shall mean wages,
salaries, bonuses, year-end extras, profit shares, subsidies, allowances
and other income related to the tenure of an office or employment that is
derived by individuals by virtue of the tenure of an office or employment.
(2) The term "income from production or business operation derived by
individual industrial and commercial households" shall mean the following:
(a) income derived by individual industrial and commercial households
from engagement in industry, handicrafts, construction, transportation,
commerce, the food and beverage industry, the service industry, the repair
industry and production and business in other industries;
(b) income derived by individuals from engagement, with approval from
the relevant government authorities and after having obtained licenses, in
the provision of educational. medical, advisory and other services
activities for consideration;
(c) other income derived by individuals from engagement in individual
industrial and commercial production and business;
(d) all taxable income related to production and business of the
above individual industrial and commercial households and individuals.
(3) The term "income from contracted or leased operation of
enterprises or institutions" shall mean income derived by individuals from
contracted or leased operations, or from assigning such contracts or
leases, including income of a wage or salary nature derived by individuals
on a monthly basis or from time to time.
(4) The term "income from remuneration for personal services" shall
mean income derived by individuals from engagement in design, decoration,
installation, drafting, laboratory testing, other testing, medical
treatment, legal accounting, advisory, lecturing, news, broadcasting,
translation, proofreading, painting and calligraphic, carving, moving
picture and television, sound recording, video recording, show,
performance, advertising, exhibition and technical services, introduction
services, brokerage services, agency services and other personal services.
(5) The term "income from author's remuneration" shall mean income
derived by individuals by virtue of the publication of their works in
books, newspapers and periodicals.
(6) The term "income from royalties" shall mean income derived by
individuals from provision of the right to use patent rights, trademark
rights, copyrights, non-patented technology and other licensing rights,
Income from provision of the fight to use copyrights shall not include
income from author's remuneration.
(7) The term "income from interest, dividends and extra dividends"
shall mean income from interest, dividends and extra dividends that is
derived by individuals by virtue of their possession of creditor's rights
and share rights.
(8) The term "income from lease of property" shall mean income
derived by individuals from the lease of buildings, land use rights,
machinery, equipment, means of transportation and other property.
(9) The term "income from transfer of properly" shall mean income
derived by individuals from the assignment of negotiable securities, share
rights, structures, land use rights, machinery, equipment, means of
transportation and other property.
(10) The term "contingent income" shall mean income derived by
individuals from winning awards, prizes and lotteries and other income of
an occasional nature.
Income derived by individuals for which the taxable category is
difficult to determine shall be decided upon by the tax
authorities-in-charge.
Article 9
Measures for the levy and collection if individual income tax on
income from the transfer of shares shall be separately formulated by the
Ministry of Finance and implemented upon approval by the State Council.
Article 10
Taxable income derived by individuals shall include cash, physical
objects and negotiable securities. If the income is in the form of
physical objects, the amount of taxable income shall be determined
according to the price specified on the voucher obtained. If there is no
receipt for the physical objects or if the price specified on the voucher
is obviously on the low side, the tax authorities-in-charge shall
determine the amount of taxable income by reference to the local market
price, If the income is in the form of negotiable securities, the amount
of taxable income shall be determined by the tax authorities-in-charge
according to the face value and the market price.
Article 11
For the purposes of item (4) of Article 3 of the Tax Law, the phrase
"a specific payment of income from remuneration for personal service is
excessively high" shall mean a payment received as remuneration for
personal service with an amount of taxable income exceeding RMB 20000.
That part of taxable income as mentioned in the preceding paragraph
which exceeds RMB 20000 but does not exceed RMB 50000 shall, after the
amount of tax payable is calculated in accordance with the Tax Law. be
subject to an additional levy at the rate of 50 percent of the amount of
tax payable. That part which exceeds RMB 50000 shall be subject to an
additional levy at the rate of 100 percent of tax payable.
Article 12
For the purposes of item (2) of Article 4 of the Tax Law, the term
"interest on national debt obligations" shall mean interest income derived
by individuals by virtue of holding bonds issued by the Ministry of
Finance of the People's Republic of China, and the term "interest on
financial debentures issued by the state" shall mean interest income
derived by individuals by viture of holding financial bonds issued with
State Council approval.
Article 13
For the purposes of item (3) of Article 4 of the Tax Law, the term
"subsidies and allowances paid in accordance with uniform regulations of
the state" shall mean special government subsidies issued in accordance
with State Council regulations and allowances and subsidies that are
exempt from individual income tax by State Council regulations.
Article 14
For the purposes of item (4) of Article 4 of the Tax Law, the term
"welfare benefits" shall mean cost-of-living subsidies paid to individuals
according to relevant state regulations out of the welfare benefits or
labor union funds allocated by enterprises, institutions, government
agencies and social organizations, and the term "relief payments" shall
mean hardship subsidies paid to individuals by civil affairs authorities
of the state.
Article 15
For the purposes of item (8) of Article 4 of the Tax Law, the "income
derived by the diplomatic agents, consular officers and other personnel
who are exempt from tax under the provisions of the relevant Laws of
China" shall mean income that is tax-exempt under the Regulations of the
People's Republic of China Concerning Diplomatic Privileges and Immunities
and the Regulations of the People's Republic of China concerning Consular
Privileges and Immunities.
Article 16
The ranges and periods of the reductions in individual income tax
referred to in Article 5 of the Tax Law shall be stipulated by the
People's Governments of the provinces, autonomous regions and
municipalities directly under the central government.
Article 17
For the purposes of item (2) of the first paragraph of Article 6 of
the Tax Law, the terms "costs" and "expenses" shall mean all direct
expenditures, indirect expenses allocated as costs, as well as marketing
expenses, administrative expenses and financial expenses incurred by
taxpayers while engaging in production and business, and the term "losses"
shall mean all non-operating expenditures incurred by taxpayers in the
course of production and business.
If a taxpayer engaging in production or business fails to provide
complete and accurate tax information and is unable to correctly calculate
the amount of taxable income, his amount of taxable income shall be
determined by the tax authorities-in-charge.
Article 18
For the purposes of item (3) of the first paragraph of Article 6 of
the Tax Law, the term "the gross income in a tax year" shall mean the
share of the operating profit or the income of a wage or salary nature
derived by the taxpayer according to the contract for the contracted or
leased operation and the term "deduction of necessary expenses" shall mean
a monthly deduction of RMB 800.
Article 19
For the purposes of item (5) of the first paragraph of Article 6 of
the Tax Law, the term "the original value of the property" shall mean:
(1) in the case of negotiable securities, the price for which they
were purchased and related expenses paid according to regulations at the
time of purchase;
(2) in the case of buildings, the construction expenses or purchase
price, and other related expenses;
(3) in the case of land use rights, amount paid to acquire the land
use rights, land development expenses and other related expenses;
(4) in the case of machinery, equipment, vehicles and vessels, the
purchase, freight, installation expenses and other related expenses;
(5) in the case of other property, the original value shall be
determined by reference of the above methods.
If a taxpayer fails to provide complete and accurate vouchers
concerning the original value of the property and is unable to correctly
calculate the original value of the property, the original value of the
property shall be determined by the tax authorities-in-charge.
Article 20
For the purposes of item (5) of the first paragraph of Article 6 of
the Tax Law, the term "reasonable expenses" shall mean relevant expenses
paid in accordance with regulations at the time of sale.
Article 21
For the purposes of items (4) and (6) of the first paragraph of
Article 6 of the Tax Law, the term "each payment" shall mean:
(1) in the case of income from remuneration for personal services,
the amount, if the income is derived in a lump sum, of that lump sum; and,
if the income is of a continuing nature and pertains to the same project,
the income derived during one month;
(2) in the case of income from author's remuneration, the income
derived on each instance of publication;
(3) in the case of income from royalties, the income derived from
each instance of licensing a licensing right;
(4) in the ease of income from the lease of property, the income
derived during one month;
(5) in the case of income from interest, dividends and extra
dividends, the income derived each time interest, dividends or extra
dividends are paid;
(6) in the case of contingent income, each payment of such income
obtained.
Article 22
Tax on income from the assignment of property shall be calculated and
paid on the proceeds of a single assignment of property less the original
value of the property and reasonable expenses.
Article 23
If the same item of income is derived by two or more individuals, tax
thereon shall be calculated and paid separately on the income derived by
each individual after the deduction of expenses respectively in accordance
with the Tax Law.
Article 24
For the purposes of the second paragraph of Article 6 of the Tax Law,
the term "individual income donated to educational and other public
welfare undertakings" refers to the donation by individuals of their
income to educational and other public welfare undertakings, and to areas
suffering from serious natural disasters or poverty, through social
organizations or government agencies in the People's Republic of China.
That part of the amount of donations which does not exceed 30 percent
of the amount of taxable income declared by the taxpayer may be deducted
from his amount of taxable income.
Article 25
For the purposes of the third paragraph of Article 6 of the Tax Law,
the term "income from wages and salaries from sources outside China" shall
mean income from wages and salaries derived from the tenure of an office
or employment outside the People's Republic of China.
Article 26
For the purposes of the third paragraph of Article 6 of the Tax Law,
the term: "additional deductions for expenses" shall mean a monthly
deduction for expenses in the amount specified in Article 28 hereof in
addition to the deduction for expenses of RMB 800.
Article 27
For the purposes of the third paragraph of Article 6 of the Tax Law,
the term "the scope of applicability of such additional deductions for
expenses" shall mean:
(1) foreign nationals working in foreign investment enterprises and
foreign enterprises in the People's Republic of China;
(2) foreign experts hired to work in enterprises, institutions,
social organizations and government agencies in the People's Republic of
China;
(3) individuals who are domiciled in the People's Republic of China
and derive income from wages and salaries by virtue of their tenure of an
office or employment outside the People's Republic of China; and
(4) other personal as determined by the Ministry of Finance.
Article 28
The standard for the additional deductions for expenses mentioned in
the third paragraph of Article 6 of the Tax Law shall be RMB 3200.
Article 29
Overseas Chinese and Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan compatriots shall be
treated by reference to Article 26, 27 and 28 hereof.
Article 30
Individuals who are domiciled in the People's Republic of China, or
who are not domiciled but have resided in the People's Republic of China
for at least one year shall calculate the amounts of tax payable for
income derived from sources within and outside the People's Republic of
China separately.
Article 31
For the purposes of Article 7 of the Tax Law, the term "income tax
paid to foreign authorities" shall mean the amount of income tax payable,
and actually paid, on income derived by a taxpayer from sources outside
the People's Republic of China, according to the laws of the country or
region from which that income was derived.
Article 32
For the purposes of Article 7 of the Tax Law, the term "the amount of
tax otherwise payable under this Law" shall mean the amount of tax payable
on income derived by a taxpayer from sources outside the People's Republic
of China, computed separately for each different country or region and for
each different income category, in accordance with the standards for the
deduction of expenses and the applicable tax rates stipulated in the Tax
Law. The sum of the amounts of tax payable in the different income
categories within the same country or region shall be the limit for
deductions for that country or region.
If the actual amount of individual income tax paid by a taxpayer in a
country or region outside the People's Republic of China is less than the
limit for deductions for that country or region computed in accordance
with the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the balance shall be paid
in the People's Republic of China. If the amount exceeds the limit for
deductions for that country or areas, the excess portion may not be
deducted from the amount of tax payable for that Tax Year; however, such
excess portion may be deducted from any unused portion of the limit for
deductions for that country or region during subsequent Tax Years, for a
maximum period of five years.
Article 33
When taxpayers apply for approval to deduct the amounts of individual
income tax paid outside the People's Republic of China in accordance with
Article 7 of the Tax Law, they shall provide the original tax payment
receipts issued by the tax authorities outside the People's Republic of
China.
Article 34
When withholding agents make taxable payments to individuals, they
shall withhold tax in accordance with the Tax Law, pay the tax over to the
treasury in a timely manner, and keep special records for future
inspection.
For the purposes of the preceding paragraph, the term "payments"
shall include payments in cash, payments by remittance, payments by
account transfer, and payments in the form of negotiable securities,
physical objects and other forms.
Article 35
Taxpayers who personally file tax returns shall file the returns with
and pay tax to the tax authorities-in-charge of the place where their
income is derived. Taxpayers who derive income from sources outside the
People's Republic of China, or who derive income in two or more places
inside the People's Republic of China, may select one place in which to
file tax returns and pay tax. Taxpayers who wish to change the location in
which they file tax returns and pay tax shall obtain the approval of the
original tax authorities-in-charge.
Article 36
When taxpayers who personally file tax returns file their returns,
tax payments that have been withheld inside the People's Republic of China
may be deducted from the amount of tax payable, in accordance with
relevant regulations.
Article 37
Taxpayers who concurrently derive income under two or more of the
categories listed in Article 2 of the Tax Law shall compute and pay tax
separately for each category. Taxpayers who derive income under items
(1), (2) or (3) of Article 2 of the Tax Law in two or more places inside
the People's Republic of China shall combine the income under the same
category for the computation and payment of tax.
Article 38
For the purposes of the second paragraph of Article 9 of the Tax Law,
the term "specified industries" shall mean the excavation industry,
ocean-shipping industry, deepsea fishing industry and other industries as
determined by the Ministry of Finance.
Article 39
For the purposes of the second paragraph of Article 9 of the Tax Law,
the term "tax computed on an annual basis and paid in advance in monthly
installments" shall mean the monthly prepayment of the tax payable on the
income from wages and salaries of staff and workers in the specified
industries listed in Article 38 hereof, and the computation of the actual
tax payment due, within 30 days from the last day of the year, by
averaging over 12 months the total wages and salary income for the whole
year, at which time excess payments shall be refunded and deficiencies
shall be made good.
Article 40
For the purposes of the fourth paragraph of Article 9 of the Tax Law,
the phrase "the tax shall be paid into the state treasury within 30 days
after the end of each tax year" shall mean that taxpayers who derive their
income from contracted or leased operation of enterprises in a lump sum
payment at the end of the year, shall pay the tax payable thereon into the
State treasury within 30 days of the date on which the income is derived.
Article 41
In accordance with Article 10 of the Tax Law, foreign currency income
shall be converted into Renminbi for the computation of the amount of
taxable income at the exchange rate published by the People's Bank of
China on the last day of the month preceding that in which the tax payment
receipt is issued. At the time of the annual settlement after the end of
the year in accordance with the Tax Law, the amounts of foreign currency
income on which tax has been prepaid on a monthly basis or each time the
income was derived shall not be converted again. As for the portion of
income the tax on which is to be made up, the amount of taxable income
shall be computed by converting such portion of income into Renminbi
according to the exchange rate published by the People's Bank of China on
the last day of the preceding Tax Year.
Article 42
When tax authorities pay commissions to withholding agents in
accordance with Article 11 of the Tax Law, they shall issue to the
withholding agents monthly refund certificate, on the strength of which
the withholding agent shall carry out treasury refund procedures with
designated banks.
Article 43
The models for individual income tax returns, individual income tax
withholding returns and individual income tax payment receipts shall be
formulated by the State Administration of Taxation in a unified manner.
于泽昕
近年来，北安市人民法院大力推进信息化建设的科学发展，将信息技术与法院工作紧密结合，把现代化的技术运用到了法院工作的各个环节，以信息化建设为载体，以审判质量为重点，改进法院的工作方式，加强了管理，进一步提高了我院的工作效率与司法能力，为我院的审判工作和社会和谐稳定提供了有力的司法保障。
加强法院信息化建设科学发展必须做好以下几方面的工作：
一、加强信息化建设科学发展是建设公正高效权威的司法制度的重要保障
加强人民法院信息化建设科学发展是建设现代化法院的重要内容，要作为审判工作的重要组成部分不断开拓进取，为审判工作和人民法院各项建设提供有力的技术支持和保证。
加强人民法院信息化建设科学发展，可以完善法院的内部管理、为法院“公正与效率”工作主题提供重要的技术支持，有利于深化人民法院审判方式改革，完善诉讼程序制度、改革审判管理制度，有利于进一步规范诉讼行为，节约诉讼资源，促进资源共享，提高法院信息传递速度，方便群众诉讼，进而有效提高工作效率和工作质量、提升司法权威和司法形象，促进司法公正。
二、加强信息化建设科学发展是促进审判工作，践行司法为民的必然措施
加强信息化建设科学发展是人民法院增强司法能力，提高司法水平，促进审判工作的重要途径，是践行司法为民的重要措施。人民法院在坚持司法为民的前提下，要不断增强审判工作和法院管理的科技含量，加快审判信息化步伐，规范审判流程、调配审判资源、加快信息传递、提高工作效率、提高工作质量，促进司法公正。
人民法院的信息化建设应该以科学发展为核心，以审判业务信息为中心，同时强化法院管理、案件执行、审判监督的信息应用，完善以审判质量、效率评估的体系建设，加强计算机网络系统建设、通信系统建设、音视频系统建设，法院管理系统建设，积极落实各项便民措施。一是通过网上立案、电子签章、大屏幕公告显示、网上信息查询、远程诉讼，在线服务等方面的应用，提高审判工作效率，降低人民法院司法成本，方便群众诉讼，减少当事人诉累，使群众能充分感受到诉讼的轻便快捷。二是通过对人民法院审判信息及其他各项工作信息的及时采集处理、分析评估，实现案件类信息管理、司法统计类信息管理、法官信息管理、案例信息管理的规范化、电子化和网络化。三是对案件从受理、分案到审理、归档等全过程实现信息化，为审判监督、案件质量评查、绩效考核等提供实时、动态的信息支持。四是通过门户网站，实现法制宣传、信息查询、案例查询等。
三、加强信息化建设科学发展是维护公平正义、强化审判监督的有力抓手
加强人民法院信息化建设的科学发展有利于人民法院广泛接受社会监督、提高司法透明度，同时个案在信息化系统内的公开，也有利于办案人员规范司法行为，接受审判监督。要以信息化建设为载体，以审判质量、效率评估体系建设为重点，完善审判监督管理。
在信息化建设科学发展过程中，要加强领导，层层发动，人人参与，努力提高法院工作人员的计算机网络水平，促进法院办公自动化。加强培训，将信息化工作培训与法院文化建设紧密结合，提升法院工作人员运用各类信息系统的能力，强化法院工作人员维护公平正义的意识与能力。通过在立案大厅设立电子显示屏、电子触摸屏以及建立完善门户网站，公开本院相关规章制度和案件开庭安排，公开诉讼风险告知、庭审纪律、诉讼收费等信息，促进司法公开。加强信息化，实现案件立案、审判、执行诉讼环节的网络信息化管理，实现网上签发法律文书、司法统计自动生成、审限自动跟踪管理等功能，完善内部监督制约机制，使领导及相关部门在权限范围内及时掌握、监督案件的具体情况，有力地强化了审判工作的监督管理，提高审判质量，确保司法公正。
中华人民共和国个人所得税法实施条例(附英文)
中华人民共和国个人所得税法实施条例(附英文)
1994年1月28日，国务院
第一条 根据《中华人民共和国个人所得税法》(以下简称税法)的规定，制定本条例。
第二条 税法第一条第一款所说的在中国境内有住所的个人，是指因户籍、家庭、经济利益关系而在中国境内习惯性居住的个人。
第三条 税法第一条第一款所说的在境内居住满一年，是指在一个纳税年度中在中国境内居住365日。临时离境的，不扣减日数。
前款所说的临时离境，是指在一个纳税年度中一次不超过30日或者多次累计不超过90日的离境。
第四条 税法第一条第一款、第二款所说的从中国境内取得的所得，是指来源于中国境内的所得；所说的从中国境外取得的所得，是指来源于中国境外的所得。
第五条 下列所得，不论支付地点是否在中国境内，均为来源于中国境内的所得：
(一)因任职、受雇、履约等而在中国境内提供劳务取得的所得；
(二)将财产出租给承租人在中国境内使用而取得的所得；
(三)转让中国境内的建筑物、土地使用权等财产或者在中国境内转让其他财产取得的所得；
(四)许可各种特许权在中国境内使用而取得的所得；
(五)从中国境内的公司、企业以及其他经济组织或者个人取得的利息、股息、红利所得。
第六条 在中国境内无住所，但是居住一年以上五年以下的个人，其来源于中国境外的所得，经主管税务机关批准，可以只就由中国境内公司、企业以及其他经济组织或者个人支付的部分缴纳个人所得税；居住超过五年的个人，从第六年起，应当就其来源于中国境外的全部所得缴纳个人所得税。
第七条 在中国境内无住所，但是在一个纳税年度中在中国境内连续或者累计居住不超过90日的个人，其来源于中国境内的所得，由境外雇主支付并且不由该雇主在中国境内的机构、场所负担的部分，免予缴纳个人所得税。
第八条 税法第二条所说的各项个人所得的范围：
(一)工资、薪金所得，是指个人因任职或者受雇而取得的工资、薪金、奖金、年终加薪、劳动分红、津贴、补贴以及与任职或者受雇有关的其他所得。
(二)个体工商户的生产、经营所得，是指：
1.个体工商户从事工业、手工业、建筑业、交通运输业、商业、饮食业、服务业、修理业以及其他行业生产、经营取得的所得；
2.个人经政府有关部门批准，取得执照，从事办学、医疗、咨询以及其他有偿服务活动取得的所得；
3.其他个人从事个体工商业生产、经营取得的所得；
4.上述个体工商户和个人取得的与生产、经营有关的各项应纳税所得。
(三)对企事业单位的承包经营、承租经营所得，是指个人承包经营、承租经营以及转包、转租取得的所得，包括个人按月或者按次取得的工资、薪金性质的所得。
(四)劳务报酬所得，是指个人从事设计、装璜、安装、制图、化验、测试、医疗、法律、会计、咨询、讲学、新闻、广播、翻译、审稿、书画、雕刻、影视、录音、录像、演出、表演、广告、展览、技术服务、介绍服务、经纪服务、代办服务以及其他劳务取得的所得。
(五)稿酬所得，是指个人因其作品以图书、报刊形式出版、发表而取得的所得。
(六)特许权使用费所得，是指个人提供专利权、商标权、著作权、非专利技术以及其他特许权的使用权取得的所得；提供著作权的使用权取得的所得，不包括稿酬所得。
(七)利息、股息、红利所得，是指个人拥有债权、股权而取得的利息、股息、红利所得。
(八)财产租赁所得，是指个人出租建筑物、土地使用权、机器设备、车船以及其他财产取得的所得。
(九)财产转让所得，是指个人转让有价证券、股权、建筑物、土地使用权、机器设备、车船以及其他财产取得的所得。
(十)偶然所得，是指个人得奖、中奖、中彩以及其他偶然性质的所得。
个人取得的所得，难以界定应纳税所得项目的，由主管税务机关确定。
第九条 对股票转让所得征收个人所得税的办法，由财政部另行制定，报国务院批准施行。
第十条 个人取得的应纳税所得，包括现金、实物和有价证券。所得为实物的，应当按照取得的凭证上所注明的价格计算应纳税所得额；无凭证的实物或者凭证上所注明的价格明显偏低的，由主管税务机关参照当地的市场价格核定应纳税所得额。所得为有价证券的，由主管税务机关根据票面价格和市场价格核定应纳税所得额。
第十一条 税法第三条第四项所说的劳务报酬所得一次收入畸高，是指个人一次取得劳务报酬，其应纳税所得额超过20000元。
对前款应纳税所得额超过20000元至50000元的部分，依照税法规定计算应纳税额后再按照应纳税额加征五成；超过50000元的部分，加征十成。
第十二条 税法第四条第二项所说的国债利息，是指个人持有中华人民共和国财政部发行的债券而取得的利息所得；所说的国家发行的金融债券利息，是指个人持有经国务院批准发行的金融债券而取得的利息所得。
第十三条 税法第四条第三项所说的按照国家统一规定发给的补贴、津贴，是指按照国务院规定发给的政府特殊津贴和国务院规定免纳个人所得税的补贴、津贴。
第十四条 税法第四条第四项所说的福利费，是指根据国家有关规定，从企业、事业单位、国家机关、社会团体提留的福利费或者工会经费中支付给个人的生活补助费；所说的救济金，是指国家民政部门支付给个人的生活困难补助费。
第十五条 税法第四条第八项所说的依照我国法律规定应予免税的各国驻华使馆、领事馆的外交代表、领事官员和其他人员的所得，是指依照《中华人民共和国外交特权与豁免条例》和《中华人民共和国领事特权与豁免条例》规定免税的所得。
第十六条 税法第五条所说的减征个人所得税，其减征的幅度和期限由省、自治区、直辖市人民政府规定。
第十七条 税法第六条第一款第二项所说的成本、费用，是指纳税义务人从事生产、经营所发生的各项直接支出和分配计入成本的间接费用以及销售费用、管理费用、财务费用；所说的损失，是指纳税义务人在生产、经营过程中发生的各项营业外支出。
从事生产、经营的纳税义务人未提供完整、准确的纳税资料，不能正确计算应纳税所得额的，由主管税务机关核定其应纳税所得额。
第十八条 税法第六条第一款第三项所说的每一纳税年度的收入总额，是指纳税义务人按照承包经营、承租经营合同规定分得的经营利润和工资、薪金性质的所得；所说的减除必要费用，是指按月减除800元。
第十九条 税法第六条第一款第五项所说的财产原值，是指：
(一)有价证券，为买入价以及买入时按照规定交纳的有关费用；
(二)建筑物，为建造费或者购进价格以及其他有关费用；
(三)土地使用权，为取得土地使用权所支付的金额、开发土地的费用以及其他有关费用；
(四)机器设备、车船，为购进价格、运输费、安装费以及其他有关费用；
(五)其他财产，参照以上方法确定。
纳税义务人未提供完整、准确的财产原值凭证，不能正确计算财产原值的，由主管税务机关核定其财产原值。
第二十条 税法第六条第一款第五项所说的合理费用，是指卖出财产时按照规定支付的有关费用。
第二十一条 税法第六条第一款第四项、第六项所说的每次收入，是指：
(一)劳务报酬所得，属于一次性收入的，以取得该项收入为一次；属于同一项目连续性收入的，以一个月内取得的收入为一次。
(二)稿酬所得，以每次出版、发表取得的收入为一次。
(三)特许权使用费所得，以一项特许权的一次许可使用所取得的收入为一次。
(四)财产租赁所得，以一个月内取得的收入为一次。
(五)利息、股息、红利所得，以支付利息、股息、红利时取得的收入为一次。
(六)偶然所得，以每次取得该项收入为一次。
第二十二条 财产转让所得，按照一次转让财产的收入额减除财产原值和合理费用后的余额，计算纳税。
第二十三条 二个或者二个以上的个人共同取得同一项目收入的，应当对每个人取得的收入分别按照税法规定减除费用后计算纳税。
第二十四条 税法第六条第二款所说的个人将其所得对教育事业和其他公益事业的捐赠，是指个人将其所得通过中国境内的社会团体、国家机关向教育和其他社会公益事业以及遭受严重自然灾害地区、贫困地区的捐赠。
捐赠额未超过纳税义务人申报的应纳税所得额30%的部分，可以从其应纳税所得额中扣除。
第二十五条 税法第六条第三款所说的在中国境外取得工资、薪金所得，是指在中国境外任职或者受雇而取得的工资、薪金所得。
第二十六条 税法第六条第三款所说的附加减除费用，是指每月在减除800元费用的基础上，再减除本条例第二十八条规定数额的费用。
第二十七条 税法第六条第三款所说的附加减除费用适用的范围，是指：
(一)在中国境内的外商投资企业和外国企业中工作的外籍人员；
(二)应聘在中国境内的企业、事业单位、社会团体、国家机关中工作的外籍专家；
(三)在中国境内有住所而在中国境外任职或者受雇取得工资、薪金所得的个人；
(四)财政部确定的其他人员。
第二十八条 税法第六条第三款所说的附加减除费用标准为3200元。
第二十九条 华侨和香港、澳门、台湾同胞，参照本条例第二十六条、第二十七条、第二十八条的规定执行。
第三十条 在中国境内有住所，或者无住所而在境内居住满一年的个人，从中国境内和境外取得的所得，应当分别计算应纳税额。
第三十一条 税法第七条所说的已在境外缴纳的个人所得税税额，是指纳税义务人从中国境外取得的所得，依照该所得来源国家或者地区的法律应当缴纳并且实际已经缴纳的税额。
第三十二条 税法第七条所说的依照税法规定计算的应纳税额，是指纳税义务人从中国境外取得的所得，区别不同国家或者地区和不同应税项目，依照税法规定的费用减除标准和适用税率计算的应纳税额；同一国家或者地区内不同应税项目的应纳税额之和，为该国家或者地区的扣除限额。
纳税义务人在中国境外一个国家或者地区实际已经缴纳的个人所得税税额，低于依照前款规定计算出的该国家或者地区扣除限额的，应当在中国缴纳差额部分的税款；超过该国家或者地区扣除限额的，其超过部分不得在本纳税年度的应纳税额中扣除，但是可以在以后纳税年度的该国家或者地区扣除限额的余额中补扣。补扣期限最长不得超过五年。
第三十三条 纳税义务人依照税法第七条的规定申请扣除已在境外缴纳的个人所得税税额时，应当提供境外税务机关填发的完税凭证原件。
第三十四条 扣缴义务人在向个人支付应税款项时，应当依照税法规定代扣税款，按时缴库，并专项记载备查。
前款所说的支付，包括现金支付、汇拨支付、转帐支付和以有价证券、实物以及其他形式的支付。
第三十五条 自行申报的纳税义务人，应当向取得所得的当地主管税务机关申报纳税。从中国境外取得所得，以及在中国境内二处或者二处以上取得所得的，可以由纳税义务人选择一地申报纳税；纳税义务人变更申报纳税地点的，应当经原主管税务机关批准。
第三十六条 自行申报的纳税义务人，在申报纳税时，其在中国境内已扣缴的税款，准予按照规定从应纳税额中扣除。
第三十七条 纳税义务人兼有税法第二条所列的二项或者二项以上的所得的，按项分别计算纳税。在中国境内二处或者二处以上取得税法第二条第一项、第二项、第三项所得的，同项所得合并计算纳税。
第三十八条 税法第九条第二款所说的特定行业，是指采掘业、远洋运输业、远洋捕捞业以及财政部确定的其他行业。
第三十九条 税法第九条第二款所说的按年计算、分月预缴的计征方式，是指本条例第三十八条所列的特定行业职工的工资、薪金所得应纳的税款，按月预缴，自年度终了之日起30日内，合计其全年工资、薪金所得，再按12个月平均并计算实际应纳的税款，多退少补。
第四十条 税法第九条第四款所说的由纳税义务人在年度终了后30日内将应纳的税款缴入国库，是指在年终一次性取得承包经营、承租经营所得的纳税义务人，自取得收入之日起30日内将应纳的税款缴入国库。
第四十一条 依照税法第十条的规定，所得为外国货币的，应当按照填开完税凭证的上一月最后一日中国人民银行公布的外汇牌价，折合成人民币计算应纳税所得额。依照税法规定，在年度终了后汇算清缴的，对已经按月或者按次预缴税款的外国货币所得，不再重新折算；对应当补缴税款的所得部分，按照上一纳税年度最后一日中国人民银行公布的外汇牌价，折合成人民币计算应纳税所得额。
第四十二条 税务机关按照税法第十一条的规定付给扣缴义务人手续费时，应当按月填开收入退还书发给扣缴义务人。扣缴义务人持收入退还书向指定的银行办理退库手续。
第四十三条 个人所得税纳税申报表、扣缴个人所得税报告表和个人所得税完税凭证式样，由国家税务总局统一制定。
第四十四条 税法和本条例所说的纳税年度，自公历1月1日起至12月31日止。
第四十五条 1994纳税年度起，个人所得税依照税法以及本条例的规定计算征收。
第四十六条 本条例由财政部会同国家税务总局解释。
第四十七条 本条例自发布之日起施行。1987年8月8日国务院发布的《中华人民共和国国务院关于对来华工作的外籍人员工资、薪金所得减征个人所得税的暂行规定》同时废止。
REGULATIONS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INDIVIDUAL INCOME TAXLAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
(State Council: 28 January 1994)
Whole Doc.
Article 1
These Regulations are formulated in accordance with the Individual
Income Tax law of the People's Republic of China (the "Tax Law").
Article 2
For the Purposes of the first paragraph of Article 1 of the Tax Law,
the term "individuals who have domicile in China" shall mean individuals
who by reason of their permanent registered address, family or economic
interests, habitually reside in the People's Republic of China.
Article 3
For the purposes of the first paragraph of Article 1 of the Tax Law,
the term "have resided for one year or move in China" shall mean to have
resided within the People's Republic of China for 365 days in a Tax Year.
No deductions shall be made from that number of days for Temporary Trips
out of the People's Republic of China.
For the purposes of preceding paragraph, the term "Temporary Trips
out of the People's Republic of China" shall mean absence from the
People's Republic of China for not more than 30 days during a single trip,
or not more than a cumulative total of 90 days over a number of trips,
within the same Tax Year.
Article 4
For the purposes of the first and second paragraphs of Article 1 of
the Tax Law, the term "income derived from sources within China" shall
mean income the source of which is inside the People's Republic of China,
and the term "from sources outside China" shall mean income the source of
which is outside the People's Republic of China.
Article 5
The following income, whether the place of payment is inside the
People's Republic of China or not, shall be income derived from sources
inside the People's Republic of China.
(1) income from personal services provided inside the People's
Republic of China because of the tenure of an office, employment, the
performance of a contract, etc.;
(2) income from the lease of property to a lessee for use inside the
People's Republic of China;
(3) income from the assignment of property such as buildings, land
use rights, etc. inside the People's Republic of China or the assignment
inside the People's Republic of China of any other property;
(4) Income from the licensing for use inside the People's Republic of
China of any kind of licensing rights;
(5) income from interest, dividends and extra dividends derived from
companies, enterprises and other economic organizations or individuals
inside the People's Republic of China.
Article 6
For income derived from sources outside the People's Republic of
China of individuals not domiciled in the People's Republic of China, but
resident for more than one year and less than five years, subject to the
approval of the tax authorities-in-charge, individual income tax may be
paid on only that part which was paid by companies, enterprises or other
economic organizations or individuals which are inside the People's
Republic of China. Individuals who reside for more than five years shall,
commencing from the sixth year, pay individual income tax on the whole
amount of income derived from sources outside the People's Republic of
China.
Article 7
For individuals who are not domiciled in the People's Republic of
China, but who reside inside the People's Republic of China consecutively
or accumulatively for not more than 90 days in any one Tax Year, their
income derived from sources inside the People's Republic of China which is
paid by an employer outside the People's Republic of China, and which is
not borne by the employer's establishment or business place within the
People's Republic of China, shall be exempt from individual income tax.
Article 8
The scope of the categories of income mentioned in Article 2 of the
Tax Law shall be as set forth below;
(1) The term "income from wages and salaries" shall mean wages,
salaries, bonuses, year-end extras, profit shares, subsidies, allowances
and other income related to the tenure of an office or employment that is
derived by individuals by virtue of the tenure of an office or employment.
(2) The term "income from production or business operation derived by
individual industrial and commercial households" shall mean the following:
(a) income derived by individual industrial and commercial households
from engagement in industry, handicrafts, construction, transportation,
commerce, the food and beverage industry, the service industry, the repair
industry and production and business in other industries;
(b) income derived by individuals from engagement, with approval from
the relevant government authorities and after having obtained licenses, in
the provision of educational. medical, advisory and other services
activities for consideration;
(c) other income derived by individuals from engagement in individual
industrial and commercial production and business;
(d) all taxable income related to production and business of the
above individual industrial and commercial households and individuals.
(3) The term "income from contracted or leased operation of
enterprises or institutions" shall mean income derived by individuals from
contracted or leased operations, or from assigning such contracts or
leases, including income of a wage or salary nature derived by individuals
on a monthly basis or from time to time.
(4) The term "income from remuneration for personal services" shall
mean income derived by individuals from engagement in design, decoration,
installation, drafting, laboratory testing, other testing, medical
treatment, legal accounting, advisory, lecturing, news, broadcasting,
translation, proofreading, painting and calligraphic, carving, moving
picture and television, sound recording, video recording, show,
performance, advertising, exhibition and technical services, introduction
services, brokerage services, agency services and other personal services.
(5) The term "income from author's remuneration" shall mean income
derived by individuals by virtue of the publication of their works in
books, newspapers and periodicals.
(6) The term "income from royalties" shall mean income derived by
individuals from provision of the right to use patent rights, trademark
rights, copyrights, non-patented technology and other licensing rights,
Income from provision of the fight to use copyrights shall not include
income from author's remuneration.
(7) The term "income from interest, dividends and extra dividends"
shall mean income from interest, dividends and extra dividends that is
derived by individuals by virtue of their possession of creditor's rights
and share rights.
(8) The term "income from lease of property" shall mean income
derived by individuals from the lease of buildings, land use rights,
machinery, equipment, means of transportation and other property.
(9) The term "income from transfer of properly" shall mean income
derived by individuals from the assignment of negotiable securities, share
rights, structures, land use rights, machinery, equipment, means of
transportation and other property.
(10) The term "contingent income" shall mean income derived by
individuals from winning awards, prizes and lotteries and other income of
an occasional nature.
Income derived by individuals for which the taxable category is
difficult to determine shall be decided upon by the tax
authorities-in-charge.
Article 9
Measures for the levy and collection if individual income tax on
income from the transfer of shares shall be separately formulated by the
Ministry of Finance and implemented upon approval by the State Council.
Article 10
Taxable income derived by individuals shall include cash, physical
objects and negotiable securities. If the income is in the form of
physical objects, the amount of taxable income shall be determined
according to the price specified on the voucher obtained. If there is no
receipt for the physical objects or if the price specified on the voucher
is obviously on the low side, the tax authorities-in-charge shall
determine the amount of taxable income by reference to the local market
price, If the income is in the form of negotiable securities, the amount
of taxable income shall be determined by the tax authorities-in-charge
according to the face value and the market price.
Article 11
For the purposes of item (4) of Article 3 of the Tax Law, the phrase
"a specific payment of income from remuneration for personal service is
excessively high" shall mean a payment received as remuneration for
personal service with an amount of taxable income exceeding RMB 20000.
That part of taxable income as mentioned in the preceding paragraph
which exceeds RMB 20000 but does not exceed RMB 50000 shall, after the
amount of tax payable is calculated in accordance with the Tax Law. be
subject to an additional levy at the rate of 50 percent of the amount of
tax payable. That part which exceeds RMB 50000 shall be subject to an
additional levy at the rate of 100 percent of tax payable.
Article 12
For the purposes of item (2) of Article 4 of the Tax Law, the term
"interest on national debt obligations" shall mean interest income derived
by individuals by virtue of holding bonds issued by the Ministry of
Finance of the People's Republic of China, and the term "interest on
financial debentures issued by the state" shall mean interest income
derived by individuals by viture of holding financial bonds issued with
State Council approval.
Article 13
For the purposes of item (3) of Article 4 of the Tax Law, the term
"subsidies and allowances paid in accordance with uniform regulations of
the state" shall mean special government subsidies issued in accordance
with State Council regulations and allowances and subsidies that are
exempt from individual income tax by State Council regulations.
Article 14
For the purposes of item (4) of Article 4 of the Tax Law, the term
"welfare benefits" shall mean cost-of-living subsidies paid to individuals
according to relevant state regulations out of the welfare benefits or
labor union funds allocated by enterprises, institutions, government
agencies and social organizations, and the term "relief payments" shall
mean hardship subsidies paid to individuals by civil affairs authorities
of the state.
Article 15
For the purposes of item (8) of Article 4 of the Tax Law, the "income
derived by the diplomatic agents, consular officers and other personnel
who are exempt from tax under the provisions of the relevant Laws of
China" shall mean income that is tax-exempt under the Regulations of the
People's Republic of China Concerning Diplomatic Privileges and Immunities
and the Regulations of the People's Republic of China concerning Consular
Privileges and Immunities.
Article 16
The ranges and periods of the reductions in individual income tax
referred to in Article 5 of the Tax Law shall be stipulated by the
People's Governments of the provinces, autonomous regions and
municipalities directly under the central government.
Article 17
For the purposes of item (2) of the first paragraph of Article 6 of
the Tax Law, the terms "costs" and "expenses" shall mean all direct
expenditures, indirect expenses allocated as costs, as well as marketing
expenses, administrative expenses and financial expenses incurred by
taxpayers while engaging in production and business, and the term "losses"
shall mean all non-operating expenditures incurred by taxpayers in the
course of production and business.
If a taxpayer engaging in production or business fails to provide
complete and accurate tax information and is unable to correctly calculate
the amount of taxable income, his amount of taxable income shall be
determined by the tax authorities-in-charge.
Article 18
For the purposes of item (3) of the first paragraph of Article 6 of
the Tax Law, the term "the gross income in a tax year" shall mean the
share of the operating profit or the income of a wage or salary nature
derived by the taxpayer according to the contract for the contracted or
leased operation and the term "deduction of necessary expenses" shall mean
a monthly deduction of RMB 800.
Article 19
For the purposes of item (5) of the first paragraph of Article 6 of
the Tax Law, the term "the original value of the property" shall mean:
(1) in the case of negotiable securities, the price for which they
were purchased and related expenses paid according to regulations at the
time of purchase;
(2) in the case of buildings, the construction expenses or purchase
price, and other related expenses;
(3) in the case of land use rights, amount paid to acquire the land
use rights, land development expenses and other related expenses;
(4) in the case of machinery, equipment, vehicles and vessels, the
purchase, freight, installation expenses and other related expenses;
(5) in the case of other property, the original value shall be
determined by reference of the above methods.
If a taxpayer fails to provide complete and accurate vouchers
concerning the original value of the property and is unable to correctly
calculate the original value of the property, the original value of the
property shall be determined by the tax authorities-in-charge.
Article 20
For the purposes of item (5) of the first paragraph of Article 6 of
the Tax Law, the term "reasonable expenses" shall mean relevant expenses
paid in accordance with regulations at the time of sale.
Article 21
For the purposes of items (4) and (6) of the first paragraph of
Article 6 of the Tax Law, the term "each payment" shall mean:
(1) in the case of income from remuneration for personal services,
the amount, if the income is derived in a lump sum, of that lump sum; and,
if the income is of a continuing nature and pertains to the same project,
the income derived during one month;
(2) in the case of income from author's remuneration, the income
derived on each instance of publication;
(3) in the case of income from royalties, the income derived from
each instance of licensing a licensing right;
(4) in the ease of income from the lease of property, the income
derived during one month;
(5) in the case of income from interest, dividends and extra
dividends, the income derived each time interest, dividends or extra
dividends are paid;
(6) in the case of contingent income, each payment of such income
obtained.
Article 22
Tax on income from the assignment of property shall be calculated and
paid on the proceeds of a single assignment of property less the original
value of the property and reasonable expenses.
Article 23
If the same item of income is derived by two or more individuals, tax
thereon shall be calculated and paid separately on the income derived by
each individual after the deduction of expenses respectively in accordance
with the Tax Law.
Article 24
For the purposes of the second paragraph of Article 6 of the Tax Law,
the term "individual income donated to educational and other public
welfare undertakings" refers to the donation by individuals of their
income to educational and other public welfare undertakings, and to areas
suffering from serious natural disasters or poverty, through social
organizations or government agencies in the People's Republic of China.
That part of the amount of donations which does not exceed 30 percent
of the amount of taxable income declared by the taxpayer may be deducted
from his amount of taxable income.
Article 25
For the purposes of the third paragraph of Article 6 of the Tax Law,
the term "income from wages and salaries from sources outside China" shall
mean income from wages and salaries derived from the tenure of an office
or employment outside the People's Republic of China.
Article 26
For the purposes of the third paragraph of Article 6 of the Tax Law,
the term: "additional deductions for expenses" shall mean a monthly
deduction for expenses in the amount specified in Article 28 hereof in
addition to the deduction for expenses of RMB 800.
Article 27
For the purposes of the third paragraph of Article 6 of the Tax Law,
the term "the scope of applicability of such additional deductions for
expenses" shall mean:
(1) foreign nationals working in foreign investment enterprises and
foreign enterprises in the People's Republic of China;
(2) foreign experts hired to work in enterprises, institutions,
social organizations and government agencies in the People's Republic of
China;
(3) individuals who are domiciled in the People's Republic of China
and derive income from wages and salaries by virtue of their tenure of an
office or employment outside the People's Republic of China; and
(4) other personal as determined by the Ministry of Finance.
Article 28
The standard for the additional deductions for expenses mentioned in
the third paragraph of Article 6 of the Tax Law shall be RMB 3200.
Article 29
Overseas Chinese and Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan compatriots shall be
treated by reference to Article 26, 27 and 28 hereof.
Article 30
Individuals who are domiciled in the People's Republic of China, or
who are not domiciled but have resided in the People's Republic of China
for at least one year shall calculate the amounts of tax payable for
income derived from sources within and outside the People's Republic of
China separately.
Article 31
For the purposes of Article 7 of the Tax Law, the term "income tax
paid to foreign authorities" shall mean the amount of income tax payable,
and actually paid, on income derived by a taxpayer from sources outside
the People's Republic of China, according to the laws of the country or
region from which that income was derived.
Article 32
For the purposes of Article 7 of the Tax Law, the term "the amount of
tax otherwise payable under this Law" shall mean the amount of tax payable
on income derived by a taxpayer from sources outside the People's Republic
of China, computed separately for each different country or region and for
each different income category, in accordance with the standards for the
deduction of expenses and the applicable tax rates stipulated in the Tax
Law. The sum of the amounts of tax payable in the different income
categories within the same country or region shall be the limit for
deductions for that country or region.
If the actual amount of individual income tax paid by a taxpayer in a
country or region outside the People's Republic of China is less than the
limit for deductions for that country or region computed in accordance
with the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the balance shall be paid
in the People's Republic of China. If the amount exceeds the limit for
deductions for that country or areas, the excess portion may not be
deducted from the amount of tax payable for that Tax Year; however, such
excess portion may be deducted from any unused portion of the limit for
deductions for that country or region during subsequent Tax Years, for a
maximum period of five years.
Article 33
When taxpayers apply for approval to deduct the amounts of individual
income tax paid outside the People's Republic of China in accordance with
Article 7 of the Tax Law, they shall provide the original tax payment
receipts issued by the tax authorities outside the People's Republic of
China.
Article 34
When withholding agents make taxable payments to individuals, they
shall withhold tax in accordance with the Tax Law, pay the tax over to the
treasury in a timely manner, and keep special records for future
inspection.
For the purposes of the preceding paragraph, the term "payments"
shall include payments in cash, payments by remittance, payments by
account transfer, and payments in the form of negotiable securities,
physical objects and other forms.
Article 35
Taxpayers who personally file tax returns shall file the returns with
and pay tax to the tax authorities-in-charge of the place where their
income is derived. Taxpayers who derive income from sources outside the
People's Republic of China, or who derive income in two or more places
inside the People's Republic of China, may select one place in which to
file tax returns and pay tax. Taxpayers who wish to change the location in
which they file tax returns and pay tax shall obtain the approval of the
original tax authorities-in-charge.
Article 36
When taxpayers who personally file tax returns file their returns,
tax payments that have been withheld inside the People's Republic of China
may be deducted from the amount of tax payable, in accordance with
relevant regulations.
Article 37
Taxpayers who concurrently derive income under two or more of the
categories listed in Article 2 of the Tax Law shall compute and pay tax
separately for each category. Taxpayers who derive income under items
(1), (2) or (3) of Article 2 of the Tax Law in two or more places inside
the People's Republic of China shall combine the income under the same
category for the computation and payment of tax.
Article 38
For the purposes of the second paragraph of Article 9 of the Tax Law,
the term "specified industries" shall mean the excavation industry,
ocean-shipping industry, deepsea fishing industry and other industries as
determined by the Ministry of Finance.
Article 39
For the purposes of the second paragraph of Article 9 of the Tax Law,
the term "tax computed on an annual basis and paid in advance in monthly
installments" shall mean the monthly prepayment of the tax payable on the
income from wages and salaries of staff and workers in the specified
industries listed in Article 38 hereof, and the computation of the actual
tax payment due, within 30 days from the last day of the year, by
averaging over 12 months the total wages and salary income for the whole
year, at which time excess payments shall be refunded and deficiencies
shall be made good.
Article 40
For the purposes of the fourth paragraph of Article 9 of the Tax Law,
the phrase "the tax shall be paid into the state treasury within 30 days
after the end of each tax year" shall mean that taxpayers who derive their
income from contracted or leased operation of enterprises in a lump sum
payment at the end of the year, shall pay the tax payable thereon into the
State treasury within 30 days of the date on which the income is derived.
Article 41
In accordance with Article 10 of the Tax Law, foreign currency income
shall be converted into Renminbi for the computation of the amount of
taxable income at the exchange rate published by the People's Bank of
China on the last day of the month preceding that in which the tax payment
receipt is issued. At the time of the annual settlement after the end of
the year in accordance with the Tax Law, the amounts of foreign currency
income on which tax has been prepaid on a monthly basis or each time the
income was derived shall not be converted again. As for the portion of
income the tax on which is to be made up, the amount of taxable income
shall be computed by converting such portion of income into Renminbi
according to the exchange rate published by the People's Bank of China on
the last day of the preceding Tax Year.
Article 42
When tax authorities pay commissions to withholding agents in
accordance with Article 11 of the Tax Law, they shall issue to the
withholding agents monthly refund certificate, on the strength of which
the withholding agent shall carry out treasury refund procedures with
designated banks.
Article 43
The models for individual income tax returns, individual income tax
withholding returns and individual income tax payment receipts shall be
formulated by the State Administration of Taxation in a unified manner.
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